Everything about Pearlite totally explained
» For the amorphous volcanic glass see perlite.
Pearlite is a
two-phased,
lamellar (or layered) structure composed of alternating layers of
alpha-ferrite (88 wt%) and
cementite (12%) that occurs in some
steels and
cast irons. It forms by a
eutectoid reaction as
austenite is slowly cooled below 727°C. The eutectoid composition of Austenite is approximately 0.8%
carbon (External Link
); steel with less carbon content will contain a corresponding proportion of relatively pure
ferrite crystallites that don't participate in the eutectoid reaction and can't transform into pearlite.
The appearance of pearlite under the
microscope resembles
mother of pearl (also a lamellar structure), from which it takes its name.
A similar structure with lamelle much smaller than the
wavelength of
visible light lacks this pearlescent appearance. Called
bainite, it's prepared by more rapid cooling. Unlike pearlite, whose formation involves the diffusion of all atoms, bainite grows by a displacive transformation mechanism.
Further Information
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